1990 – The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is passed.1988 - Retail registers began to use picture based keyboards, originally created to help those that couldn’t speak be able to use a synthesizer to talk.He later created a Screen Reader/2 for graphical interface PCs (4). At first it wasn’t trademarked because it was primarily for low vision staff members. 1986 – Jim Thatcher created the first screen reader at IBM, called IBM Screen Reader (for DOS).1975 – Ray Kurzweil created the Kurzweil Reading Machine and the first OCR technology and created one of the first CCD (charge coupled device) scanners.He communicated with his wife through the computer using text – the precursor to e-mail. 1972 – Vinton Cerf, who had a hearing impairment and was married to a deaf woman, developed host level protocols for ARPANET.1972 - The first national open-captioned program aired on PBS (The French Chef with Julia Child).1964 – A deaf orthodontist sent a teletype machine to a deaf scientist, beginning the TTY (Teletypewriter) revolution.1960 – Pilgrim Imagine started captioning for the deaf.They won the 1956 Nobel Prize for Physics. 1948 – John Bardeed, William Shockley and Walter Brattain at Bell Labs invented the transistor to create more reliable, smaller, cheaper, more efficient hearing aids.1936 – Bell Labs invents the first electronic speech synthesizer called “Voder” (for “voice coder”).1935 – The American Foundation for the Blind publishes the first issue of the Talking Book Bulletin (books on tape).1934 – The Readphon Talking Book was invented.
1808 – The first typewriter is built by Pellegrino Turri to help a blind friend write legibly.
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